diff --git a/backend/migrations/20241124000007-create-messages.js b/backend/migrations/20241124000007-create-messages.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2bc81b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/migrations/20241124000007-create-messages.js
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+"use strict";
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.createTable("Messages", {
+      id: {
+        type: Sequelize.UUID,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.UUIDV4,
+        primaryKey: true,
+      },
+      senderId: {
+        type: Sequelize.UUID,
+        allowNull: false,
+        references: {
+          model: "Users",
+          key: "id",
+        },
+        onUpdate: "CASCADE",
+        onDelete: "CASCADE",
+      },
+      receiverId: {
+        type: Sequelize.UUID,
+        allowNull: false,
+        references: {
+          model: "Users",
+          key: "id",
+        },
+        onUpdate: "CASCADE",
+        onDelete: "CASCADE",
+      },
+      content: {
+        type: Sequelize.TEXT,
+        allowNull: false,
+      },
+      isRead: {
+        type: Sequelize.BOOLEAN,
+        defaultValue: false,
+      },
+      imagePath: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING,
+        allowNull: true,
+      },
+      createdAt: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+      },
+      updatedAt: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+      },
+    });
+
+    // Add indexes
+    await queryInterface.addIndex("Messages", ["senderId"]);
+    await queryInterface.addIndex("Messages", ["receiverId"]);
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable("Messages");
+  },
+};
diff --git a/backend/models/Message.js b/backend/models/Message.js
index 7269131..724f569 100644
--- a/backend/models/Message.js
+++ b/backend/models/Message.js
@@ -23,10 +23,6 @@ const Message = sequelize.define('Message', {
       key: 'id'
     }
   },
-  subject: {
-    type: DataTypes.STRING,
-    allowNull: false
-  },
   content: {
     type: DataTypes.TEXT,
     allowNull: false
@@ -35,14 +31,6 @@ const Message = sequelize.define('Message', {
     type: DataTypes.BOOLEAN,
     defaultValue: false
   },
-  parentMessageId: {
-    type: DataTypes.UUID,
-    allowNull: true,
-    references: {
-      model: 'Messages',
-      key: 'id'
-    }
-  },
   imagePath: {
     type: DataTypes.STRING,
     allowNull: true
diff --git a/backend/models/index.js b/backend/models/index.js
index de20370..a794e96 100644
--- a/backend/models/index.js
+++ b/backend/models/index.js
@@ -27,11 +27,6 @@ User.hasMany(Message, { as: "sentMessages", foreignKey: "senderId" });
 User.hasMany(Message, { as: "receivedMessages", foreignKey: "receiverId" });
 Message.belongsTo(User, { as: "sender", foreignKey: "senderId" });
 Message.belongsTo(User, { as: "receiver", foreignKey: "receiverId" });
-Message.hasMany(Message, { as: "replies", foreignKey: "parentMessageId" });
-Message.belongsTo(Message, {
-  as: "parentMessage",
-  foreignKey: "parentMessageId",
-});
 
 // Forum associations
 User.hasMany(ForumPost, { as: "forumPosts", foreignKey: "authorId" });
diff --git a/backend/routes/messages.js b/backend/routes/messages.js
index c1fc02d..f7f2d33 100644
--- a/backend/routes/messages.js
+++ b/backend/routes/messages.js
@@ -171,11 +171,11 @@ router.get('/sent', authenticateToken, async (req, res) => {
   }
 });
 
-// Get a single message with replies
+// Get a single message
 router.get('/:id', authenticateToken, async (req, res) => {
   try {
     const message = await Message.findOne({
-      where: { 
+      where: {
         id: req.params.id,
         [require('sequelize').Op.or]: [
           { senderId: req.user.id },
@@ -192,15 +192,6 @@ router.get('/:id', authenticateToken, async (req, res) => {
           model: User,
           as: 'receiver',
           attributes: ['id', 'firstName', 'lastName', 'profileImage']
-        },
-        {
-          model: Message,
-          as: 'replies',
-          include: [{
-            model: User,
-            as: 'sender',
-            attributes: ['id', 'firstName', 'lastName', 'profileImage']
-          }]
         }
       ]
     });
@@ -248,7 +239,7 @@ router.get('/:id', authenticateToken, async (req, res) => {
 // Send a new message
 router.post('/', authenticateToken, uploadMessageImage, async (req, res) => {
   try {
-    const { receiverId, subject, content, parentMessageId } = req.body;
+    const { receiverId, content } = req.body;
 
     // Check if receiver exists
     const receiver = await User.findByPk(receiverId);
@@ -267,9 +258,7 @@ router.post('/', authenticateToken, uploadMessageImage, async (req, res) => {
     const message = await Message.create({
       senderId: req.user.id,
       receiverId,
-      subject,
       content,
-      parentMessageId,
       imagePath
     });
 
@@ -308,8 +297,7 @@ router.post('/', authenticateToken, uploadMessageImage, async (req, res) => {
     reqLogger.info("Message sent", {
       senderId: req.user.id,
       receiverId: receiverId,
-      messageId: message.id,
-      isReply: !!parentMessageId
+      messageId: message.id
     });
 
     res.status(201).json(messageWithSender);
diff --git a/backend/services/email/domain/MessagingEmailService.js b/backend/services/email/domain/MessagingEmailService.js
index 6ebd3c2..8f7c5bd 100644
--- a/backend/services/email/domain/MessagingEmailService.js
+++ b/backend/services/email/domain/MessagingEmailService.js
@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ class MessagingEmailService {
    * @param {string} sender.firstName - Sender's first name
    * @param {string} sender.lastName - Sender's last name
    * @param {Object} message - Message object
-   * @param {string} message.subject - Message subject
    * @param {string} message.content - Message content
    * @param {Date} message.createdAt - Message creation timestamp
    * @returns {Promise<{success: boolean, messageId?: string, error?: string}>}
@@ -61,7 +60,6 @@ class MessagingEmailService {
       const variables = {
         recipientName: receiver.firstName || "there",
         senderName: `${sender.firstName} ${sender.lastName}`.trim() || "A user",
-        subject: message.subject,
         messageContent: message.content,
         conversationUrl: conversationUrl,
         timestamp: timestamp,
diff --git a/backend/templates/emails/newMessageToUser.html b/backend/templates/emails/newMessageToUser.html
index 8a1b092..633b5c4 100644
--- a/backend/templates/emails/newMessageToUser.html
+++ b/backend/templates/emails/newMessageToUser.html
@@ -134,13 +134,6 @@
             border-radius: 6px;
         }
 
-        .message-box .subject {
-            font-size: 16px;
-            font-weight: 600;
-            color: #495057;
-            margin: 0 0 15px 0;
-        }
-
         .message-box .content-text {
             color: #212529;
             line-height: 1.6;
@@ -226,7 +219,6 @@
             <p>{{senderName}} sent you a message on RentAll.</p>
 
             <div class="message-box">
-                <div class="subject">Subject: {{subject}}</div>
                 <div class="content-text">{{messageContent}}</div>
                 <div class="timestamp">Sent {{timestamp}}</div>
             </div>
diff --git a/backend/tests/unit/routes/messages.test.js b/backend/tests/unit/routes/messages.test.js
index 7db4203..1d85ec3 100644
--- a/backend/tests/unit/routes/messages.test.js
+++ b/backend/tests/unit/routes/messages.test.js
@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ describe('Messages Routes', () => {
           id: 1,
           senderId: 2,
           receiverId: 1,
-          subject: 'Test Message',
           content: 'Hello there!',
           isRead: false,
           createdAt: '2024-01-15T10:00:00.000Z',
@@ -71,7 +70,6 @@ describe('Messages Routes', () => {
           id: 2,
           senderId: 3,
           receiverId: 1,
-          subject: 'Another Message',
           content: 'Hi!',
           isRead: true,
           createdAt: '2024-01-14T10:00:00.000Z',
@@ -122,7 +120,6 @@ describe('Messages Routes', () => {
           id: 3,
           senderId: 1,
           receiverId: 2,
-          subject: 'My Message',
           content: 'Hello Jane!',
           isRead: false,
           createdAt: '2024-01-15T12:00:00.000Z',
@@ -171,7 +168,6 @@ describe('Messages Routes', () => {
       id: 1,
       senderId: 2,
       receiverId: 1,
-      subject: 'Test Message',
       content: 'Hello there!',
       isRead: false,
       createdAt: '2024-01-15T10:00:00.000Z',
@@ -187,19 +183,6 @@ describe('Messages Routes', () => {
         lastName: 'Doe',
         profileImage: 'john.jpg'
       },
-      replies: [
-        {
-          id: 4,
-          senderId: 1,
-          content: 'Reply message',
-          sender: {
-            id: 1,
-            firstName: 'John',
-            lastName: 'Doe',
-            profileImage: 'john.jpg'
-          }
-        }
-      ],
       update: jest.fn()
     };
 
@@ -207,7 +190,7 @@ describe('Messages Routes', () => {
       mockMessageFindOne.mockResolvedValue(mockMessage);
     });
 
-    it('should get message with replies for receiver', async () => {
+    it('should get message for receiver and mark as read', async () => {
       mockMessage.update.mockResolvedValue();
 
       const response = await request(app)
@@ -218,7 +201,6 @@ describe('Messages Routes', () => {
         id: 1,
         senderId: 2,
         receiverId: 1,
-        subject: 'Test Message',
         content: 'Hello there!',
         isRead: false,
         createdAt: '2024-01-15T10:00:00.000Z',
@@ -233,20 +215,7 @@ describe('Messages Routes', () => {
           firstName: 'John',
           lastName: 'Doe',
           profileImage: 'john.jpg'
-        },
-        replies: [
-          {
-            id: 4,
-            senderId: 1,
-            content: 'Reply message',
-            sender: {
-              id: 1,
-              firstName: 'John',
-              lastName: 'Doe',
-              profileImage: 'john.jpg'
-            }
-          }
-        ]
+        }
       });
       expect(mockMessage.update).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ isRead: true });
     });
@@ -263,7 +232,6 @@ describe('Messages Routes', () => {
         id: 1,
         senderId: 1,
         receiverId: 2,
-        subject: 'Test Message',
         content: 'Hello there!',
         isRead: false,
         createdAt: '2024-01-15T10:00:00.000Z',
@@ -278,20 +246,7 @@ describe('Messages Routes', () => {
           firstName: 'John',
           lastName: 'Doe',
           profileImage: 'john.jpg'
-        },
-        replies: [
-          {
-            id: 4,
-            senderId: 1,
-            content: 'Reply message',
-            sender: {
-              id: 1,
-              firstName: 'John',
-              lastName: 'Doe',
-              profileImage: 'john.jpg'
-            }
-          }
-        ]
+        }
       });
       expect(mockMessage.update).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     });
@@ -340,9 +295,7 @@ describe('Messages Routes', () => {
       id: 5,
       senderId: 1,
       receiverId: 2,
-      subject: 'New Message',
-      content: 'Hello Jane!',
-      parentMessageId: null
+      content: 'Hello Jane!'
     };
 
     const mockMessageWithSender = {
@@ -364,9 +317,7 @@ describe('Messages Routes', () => {
     it('should create a new message', async () => {
       const messageData = {
         receiverId: 2,
-        subject: 'New Message',
-        content: 'Hello Jane!',
-        parentMessageId: null
+        content: 'Hello Jane!'
       };
 
       const response = await request(app)
@@ -378,31 +329,8 @@ describe('Messages Routes', () => {
       expect(mockMessageCreate).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
         senderId: 1,
         receiverId: 2,
-        subject: 'New Message',
         content: 'Hello Jane!',
-        parentMessageId: null
-      });
-    });
-
-    it('should create a reply message with parentMessageId', async () => {
-      const replyData = {
-        receiverId: 2,
-        subject: 'Re: Original Message',
-        content: 'This is a reply',
-        parentMessageId: 1
-      };
-
-      const response = await request(app)
-        .post('/messages')
-        .send(replyData);
-
-      expect(response.status).toBe(201);
-      expect(mockMessageCreate).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
-        senderId: 1,
-        receiverId: 2,
-        subject: 'Re: Original Message',
-        content: 'This is a reply',
-        parentMessageId: 1
+        imagePath: null
       });
     });
 
@@ -413,7 +341,6 @@ describe('Messages Routes', () => {
         .post('/messages')
         .send({
           receiverId: 999,
-          subject: 'Test',
           content: 'Test message'
         });
 
@@ -426,7 +353,6 @@ describe('Messages Routes', () => {
         .post('/messages')
         .send({
           receiverId: 1, // Same as sender ID
-          subject: 'Self Message',
           content: 'Hello self!'
         });
 
@@ -441,7 +367,6 @@ describe('Messages Routes', () => {
         .post('/messages')
         .send({
           receiverId: 2,
-          subject: 'Test',
           content: 'Test message'
         });
 
@@ -596,62 +521,5 @@ describe('Messages Routes', () => {
       expect(response.status).toBe(200);
       expect(response.body).toEqual([]);
     });
-
-    it('should handle message with no replies', async () => {
-      const messageWithoutReplies = {
-        id: 1,
-        senderId: 2,
-        receiverId: 1,
-        subject: 'Test Message',
-        content: 'Hello there!',
-        isRead: false,
-        replies: [],
-        update: jest.fn()
-      };
-      mockMessageFindOne.mockResolvedValue(messageWithoutReplies);
-
-      const response = await request(app)
-        .get('/messages/1');
-
-      expect(response.status).toBe(200);
-      expect(response.body.replies).toEqual([]);
-    });
-
-    it('should handle missing optional fields in message creation', async () => {
-      const mockReceiver = { id: 2, firstName: 'Jane', lastName: 'Smith' };
-      const mockCreatedMessage = {
-        id: 6,
-        senderId: 1,
-        receiverId: 2,
-        subject: undefined,
-        content: 'Just content',
-        parentMessageId: undefined
-      };
-      const mockMessageWithSender = {
-        ...mockCreatedMessage,
-        sender: { id: 1, firstName: 'John', lastName: 'Doe' }
-      };
-
-      mockUserFindByPk.mockResolvedValue(mockReceiver);
-      mockMessageCreate.mockResolvedValue(mockCreatedMessage);
-      mockMessageFindByPk.mockResolvedValue(mockMessageWithSender);
-
-      const response = await request(app)
-        .post('/messages')
-        .send({
-          receiverId: 2,
-          content: 'Just content'
-          // subject and parentMessageId omitted
-        });
-
-      expect(response.status).toBe(201);
-      expect(mockMessageCreate).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
-        senderId: 1,
-        receiverId: 2,
-        subject: undefined,
-        content: 'Just content',
-        parentMessageId: undefined
-      });
-    });
   });
 });
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/frontend/src/App.tsx b/frontend/src/App.tsx
index 96c3660..8eaf995 100644
--- a/frontend/src/App.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/App.tsx
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ import Owning from './pages/Owning';
 import Profile from './pages/Profile';
 import PublicProfile from './pages/PublicProfile';
 import Messages from './pages/Messages';
-import MessageDetail from './pages/MessageDetail';
 import ForumPosts from './pages/ForumPosts';
 import ForumPostDetail from './pages/ForumPostDetail';
 import CreateForumPost from './pages/CreateForumPost';
@@ -150,14 +149,6 @@ const AppContent: React.FC = () => {
               </PrivateRoute>
             }
           />
-          <Route
-            path="/messages/:id"
-            element={
-              <PrivateRoute>
-                <MessageDetail />
-              </PrivateRoute>
-            }
-          />
           <Route path="/forum" element={<ForumPosts />} />
           <Route path="/forum/:id" element={<ForumPostDetail />} />
           <Route
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/ChatWindow.tsx b/frontend/src/components/ChatWindow.tsx
index 2ac2fac..ffde089 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/ChatWindow.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/ChatWindow.tsx
@@ -322,7 +322,6 @@ const ChatWindow: React.FC<ChatWindowProps> = ({ show, onClose, recipient, onMes
       // Build FormData for message (with or without image)
       const formData = new FormData();
       formData.append('receiverId', recipient.id);
-      formData.append('subject', `Message from ${currentUser?.firstName}`);
       formData.append('content', messageContent || ' '); // Send space if only image
       if (imageToSend) {
         formData.append('image', imageToSend);
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/MessageModal.tsx b/frontend/src/components/MessageModal.tsx
index 65f4471..1625401 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/MessageModal.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/MessageModal.tsx
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ interface MessageModalProps {
 }
 
 const MessageModal: React.FC<MessageModalProps> = ({ show, onClose, recipient, onSuccess }) => {
-  const [subject, setSubject] = useState('');
   const [content, setContent] = useState('');
   const [sending, setSending] = useState(false);
   const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -23,12 +22,10 @@ const MessageModal: React.FC<MessageModalProps> = ({ show, onClose, recipient, o
     try {
       const formData = new FormData();
       formData.append('receiverId', recipient.id);
-      formData.append('subject', subject);
       formData.append('content', content);
 
       await messageAPI.sendMessage(formData);
 
-      setSubject('');
       setContent('');
       onClose();
       if (onSuccess) {
@@ -58,19 +55,6 @@ const MessageModal: React.FC<MessageModalProps> = ({ show, onClose, recipient, o
                   {error}
                 </div>
               )}
-              
-              <div className="mb-3">
-                <label htmlFor="subject" className="form-label">Subject</label>
-                <input
-                  type="text"
-                  className="form-control"
-                  id="subject"
-                  value={subject}
-                  onChange={(e) => setSubject(e.target.value)}
-                  required
-                  disabled={sending}
-                />
-              </div>
 
               <div className="mb-3">
                 <label htmlFor="content" className="form-label">Message</label>
@@ -95,10 +79,10 @@ const MessageModal: React.FC<MessageModalProps> = ({ show, onClose, recipient, o
               >
                 Cancel
               </button>
-              <button 
-                type="submit" 
+              <button
+                type="submit"
                 className="btn btn-primary"
-                disabled={sending || !subject || !content}
+                disabled={sending || !content}
               >
                 {sending ? (
                   <>
diff --git a/frontend/src/pages/MessageDetail.tsx b/frontend/src/pages/MessageDetail.tsx
deleted file mode 100644
index ae9a9fc..0000000
--- a/frontend/src/pages/MessageDetail.tsx
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,260 +0,0 @@
-import React, { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
-import { useParams, useNavigate } from 'react-router-dom';
-import { Message } from '../types';
-import { messageAPI } from '../services/api';
-import { useAuth } from '../contexts/AuthContext';
-import { useSocket } from '../contexts/SocketContext';
-
-const MessageDetail: React.FC = () => {
-  const { id } = useParams<{ id: string }>();
-  const navigate = useNavigate();
-  const { user } = useAuth();
-  const { isConnected, onNewMessage } = useSocket();
-  const [message, setMessage] = useState<Message | null>(null);
-  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
-  const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
-  const [replyContent, setReplyContent] = useState('');
-  const [sending, setSending] = useState(false);
-
-  useEffect(() => {
-    fetchMessage();
-  }, [id]);
-
-  // Listen for new replies in real-time
-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (!isConnected || !message) return;
-
-    const cleanup = onNewMessage((newMessage: Message) => {
-      // Check if this is a reply to the current thread
-      if (newMessage.parentMessageId === message.id) {
-        setMessage((prevMessage) => {
-          if (!prevMessage) return prevMessage;
-
-          // Check if reply already exists (avoid duplicates)
-          const replies = prevMessage.replies || [];
-          if (replies.some(r => r.id === newMessage.id)) {
-            return prevMessage;
-          }
-
-          // Add new reply to the thread
-          return {
-            ...prevMessage,
-            replies: [...replies, newMessage]
-          };
-        });
-      }
-    });
-
-    return cleanup;
-  }, [isConnected, message?.id, onNewMessage]);
-
-  const fetchMessage = async () => {
-    try {
-      const response = await messageAPI.getMessage(id!);
-      setMessage(response.data);
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      setError(err.response?.data?.error || 'Failed to fetch message');
-    } finally {
-      setLoading(false);
-    }
-  };
-
-  const handleReply = async (e: React.FormEvent) => {
-    e.preventDefault();
-    if (!message) return;
-
-    setSending(true);
-    setError(null);
-
-    try {
-      const recipientId = message.senderId === user?.id ? message.receiverId : message.senderId;
-
-      const formData = new FormData();
-      formData.append('receiverId', recipientId);
-      formData.append('subject', `Re: ${message.subject}`);
-      formData.append('content', replyContent);
-      formData.append('parentMessageId', message.id);
-
-      const response = await messageAPI.sendMessage(formData);
-
-      setReplyContent('');
-
-      // Note: Socket will automatically add the reply to the thread
-      // But we add it manually for immediate feedback if socket is disconnected
-      if (!isConnected) {
-        setMessage((prevMessage) => {
-          if (!prevMessage) return prevMessage;
-          const replies = prevMessage.replies || [];
-          return {
-            ...prevMessage,
-            replies: [...replies, response.data]
-          };
-        });
-      }
-
-      alert('Reply sent successfully!');
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      setError(err.response?.data?.error || 'Failed to send reply');
-    } finally {
-      setSending(false);
-    }
-  };
-
-  const formatDateTime = (dateString: string) => {
-    const date = new Date(dateString);
-    return date.toLocaleString('en-US', {
-      month: 'short',
-      day: 'numeric',
-      year: 'numeric',
-      hour: 'numeric',
-      minute: '2-digit'
-    });
-  };
-
-  if (loading) {
-    return (
-      <div className="container mt-5">
-        <div className="text-center">
-          <div className="spinner-border" role="status">
-            <span className="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
-          </div>
-        </div>
-      </div>
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (!message) {
-    return (
-      <div className="container mt-5">
-        <div className="alert alert-danger" role="alert">
-          Message not found
-        </div>
-      </div>
-    );
-  }
-
-  const isReceiver = message.receiverId === user?.id;
-  const otherUser = isReceiver ? message.sender : message.receiver;
-
-  return (
-    <div className="container mt-4">
-      <div className="row justify-content-center">
-        <div className="col-md-8">
-          <button 
-            className="btn btn-link text-decoration-none mb-3" 
-            onClick={() => navigate('/messages')}
-          >
-            <i className="bi bi-arrow-left"></i> Back to Messages
-          </button>
-
-          <div className="card">
-            <div className="card-header">
-              <div className="d-flex align-items-center">
-                {otherUser?.profileImage ? (
-                  <img
-                    src={otherUser.profileImage}
-                    alt={`${otherUser.firstName} ${otherUser.lastName}`}
-                    className="rounded-circle me-3"
-                    style={{ width: '50px', height: '50px', objectFit: 'cover' }}
-                  />
-                ) : (
-                  <div 
-                    className="rounded-circle bg-secondary d-flex align-items-center justify-content-center me-3"
-                    style={{ width: '50px', height: '50px' }}
-                  >
-                    <i className="bi bi-person-fill text-white"></i>
-                  </div>
-                )}
-                <div>
-                  <h5 className="mb-0">{message.subject}</h5>
-                  <small className="text-muted">
-                    {isReceiver ? 'From' : 'To'}: {otherUser?.firstName} {otherUser?.lastName} • {formatDateTime(message.createdAt)}
-                  </small>
-                </div>
-              </div>
-            </div>
-            <div className="card-body">
-              <p style={{ whiteSpace: 'pre-wrap' }}>{message.content}</p>
-            </div>
-          </div>
-
-          {message.replies && message.replies.length > 0 && (
-            <div className="mt-4">
-              <h6>Replies</h6>
-              {message.replies.map((reply) => (
-                <div key={reply.id} className="card mb-2">
-                  <div className="card-body">
-                    <div className="d-flex align-items-center mb-2">
-                      {reply.sender?.profileImage ? (
-                        <img
-                          src={reply.sender.profileImage}
-                          alt={`${reply.sender.firstName} ${reply.sender.lastName}`}
-                          className="rounded-circle me-2"
-                          style={{ width: '30px', height: '30px', objectFit: 'cover' }}
-                        />
-                      ) : (
-                        <div 
-                          className="rounded-circle bg-secondary d-flex align-items-center justify-content-center me-2"
-                          style={{ width: '30px', height: '30px' }}
-                        >
-                          <i className="bi bi-person-fill text-white" style={{ fontSize: '0.8rem' }}></i>
-                        </div>
-                      )}
-                      <div>
-                        <strong>{reply.sender?.firstName} {reply.sender?.lastName}</strong>
-                        <small className="text-muted ms-2">{formatDateTime(reply.createdAt)}</small>
-                      </div>
-                    </div>
-                    <p className="mb-0" style={{ whiteSpace: 'pre-wrap' }}>{reply.content}</p>
-                  </div>
-                </div>
-              ))}
-            </div>
-          )}
-
-          <div className="card mt-4">
-            <div className="card-body">
-              <h6>Send Reply</h6>
-              {error && (
-                <div className="alert alert-danger" role="alert">
-                  {error}
-                </div>
-              )}
-              <form onSubmit={handleReply}>
-                <div className="mb-3">
-                  <textarea
-                    className="form-control"
-                    rows={4}
-                    value={replyContent}
-                    onChange={(e) => setReplyContent(e.target.value)}
-                    placeholder="Type your reply..."
-                    required
-                    disabled={sending}
-                  ></textarea>
-                </div>
-                <button 
-                  type="submit" 
-                  className="btn btn-primary"
-                  disabled={sending || !replyContent.trim()}
-                >
-                  {sending ? (
-                    <>
-                      <span className="spinner-border spinner-border-sm me-2" role="status" aria-hidden="true"></span>
-                      Sending...
-                    </>
-                  ) : (
-                    <>
-                      <i className="bi bi-send-fill me-2"></i>Send Reply
-                    </>
-                  )}
-                </button>
-              </form>
-            </div>
-          </div>
-        </div>
-      </div>
-    </div>
-  );
-};
-
-export default MessageDetail;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/frontend/src/types/index.ts b/frontend/src/types/index.ts
index f672b59..6bf0734 100644
--- a/frontend/src/types/index.ts
+++ b/frontend/src/types/index.ts
@@ -39,14 +39,11 @@ export interface Message {
   id: string;
   senderId: string;
   receiverId: string;
-  subject: string;
   content: string;
   isRead: boolean;
-  parentMessageId?: string;
   imagePath?: string;
   sender?: User;
   receiver?: User;
-  replies?: Message[];
   createdAt: string;
   updatedAt: string;
 }